{"id":10815,"date":"2017-03-01T16:49:00","date_gmt":"2017-03-01T21:49:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lawjournal.mcgill.ca\/index.php\/article\/introduction\/"},"modified":"2019-06-28T14:11:58","modified_gmt":"2019-06-28T18:11:58","slug":"introduction","status":"publish","type":"articles","link":"https:\/\/mcgill-lawjournal-new.nixa.ca\/fr\/article\/introduction\/","title":{"rendered":"Introduction"},"content":{"rendered":"

Introduction<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 L\u2019environnement joue un r\u00f4le appel\u00e9 \u00e0 devenir de plus en plus crucial dans notre soci\u00e9t\u00e9, que ce soit dans la th\u00e9orie, la recherche ou la pratique du droit. Au-del\u00e0 du droit environnemental, les droits public, priv\u00e9 et international ont d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 une myriade de concepts et d\u2019outils pour nous permettre d\u2019imaginer et d\u2019appr\u00e9hender l\u2019environnement dans lequel nous vivons. Ainsi, l\u2019urgence des enjeux environnementaux et la complexit\u00e9 des questions de justice sociale et de d\u00e9veloppement durable justifient de nouvelles perspectives et approches pour d\u00e9cloisonner les silos du Droit. Les textes composant ce num\u00e9ro sp\u00e9cial r\u00e9pondent \u00e0 cet appel et favorisent la r\u00e9flexion et le dialogue interdisciplinaires portant sur nombre d\u2019enjeux juridiques contemporains ayant trait aux questions environnementales, tels que les perspectives critiques sur la justice environnementale et sur la n\u00e9gociation d\u2019ententes environnementales ou encore les r\u00e9ponses du droit priv\u00e9 ou proc\u00e9dural aux d\u00e9fis environnementaux.<\/p>\n

Les deux premiers articles de ce num\u00e9ro se penchent sur les d\u00e9fis auxquels font face les recours environnementaux en mati\u00e8re d\u2019acc\u00e8s aux tribunaux. Michel B\u00e9langer et Paule Halley mettent en lumi\u00e8re la probl\u00e9matique d\u2019un environnement qui ne peut se d\u00e9fendre lui-m\u00eame et les difficult\u00e9s que peuvent \u00e9prouver les citoyens et leurs associations tentant d\u2019initier un recours en protection de l\u2019environnement au Qu\u00e9bec. David Grinlinton souligne la pr\u00e9sence d\u2019obstacles similaires dans plusieurs juridictions de common law\u00a0: de la reconnaissance d\u2019un int\u00e9r\u00eat \u00e0 agir, \u00e0 celle d\u2019un tribunal comp\u00e9tent, aux contraintes pos\u00e9es par l\u2019autorisation d\u2019une action collective ou par les co\u00fbts de ces d\u00e9marches. Ces deux articles font non seulement l\u2019\u00e9tat des lieux de probl\u00e8mes d\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 la justice en mati\u00e8re environnementale dans de multiples juridictions, mais contrastent diff\u00e9rentes approches pour mettre en exergue des pistes de solutions,[1]<\/a> offrant parfois des recommandations sp\u00e9cifiques pour remi\u00e9dier au probl\u00e8me d\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 la justice en mati\u00e8re environnementale.[2]<\/a><\/p>\n

Three articles use the frameworks currently existing in property law to frame environmental claims (David Grinlinton) and to protect environmental spaces (Ga\u00eble Gidrol-Mistral). For her part, Sarah Vanuxem proposes to integrate new \u201cecological services\u201d within the traditional framework of French property law. Through their analyses, these authors shed a new light on the limitations faced by property law\u2019s current structure and highlight the need to reconsider the values that underpin it: rethinking the individualistic nature of property and ownership in light of the collective and social objective of environmental protection[3]<\/a> and the common nature of ecosystemic services;[4]<\/a> deconstructing the myth of absolute<\/em> property to recognize an inherent duty to use and manage property in an ecologically-sustainable manner;[5]<\/a> and shifting away from a Lockean conception of property based on labour to a legal framework that strives to recognize and protect the inherent value of the environment.[6]<\/a><\/p>\n

Our last three articles break outside of legal silos by adopting critical, holistic approaches to pressing environmental issues, exploring all their implications for the actors concerned. Lynda Collins and Natasha Bakht take us through the developments of Ktunaxa Nation v. British Columbia (Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations)<\/em>[7]<\/a> and invite us to consider the context of reconciliation and the history of Canada\u2019s Indigenous peoples as we contemplate the freedom of religion claims made by the Ktunaxa Nation for the protection of Qat\u2019muk, home of the Grizzly Bear Spirit. Deborah Curran uses reconciliation as a lens to unpack the development and the content of the Great Bear Rainforest agreements arising out of government-to-government negotiation between First Nations and the provincial government. Dayna Scott and Adrian Smith present the results of a field study led in two areas marked by the negative impacts of green energy projects, to which they apply an environmental justice framework typically reserved for studies of environmental racism. These three articles exemplify the type of innovative research that can follow from paying closer attention to the people and peoples at the heart of environmental claims, to the priorities they<\/em> raise, and to the way they<\/em> live the environmental repercussions of specific development projects. As underlined by Collins, Bakht, and Curran, this context-specific approach is particulary important in the context of claims brought by Indigenous peoples, the framework of reconciliation demanding that we engage with these claims from the perspectives and legal traditions of the Indigenous parties involved.[8]<\/a><\/p>\n

Ces articles ont \u00e9t\u00e9 pr\u00e9sent\u00e9s lors du symposium de la Revue de droit de McGill<\/em> \u00e0 l\u2019Universit\u00e9 McGill, le 9 mars 2017. Ils apparaissent d\u00e9sormais dans les pages de la Revue<\/em>, enrichis des \u00e9changes soutenus entre auteurs et public lors du symposium. Le num\u00e9ro qui en r\u00e9sulte ouvre une fen\u00eatre sur les interactions entre les personnes, les peuples et l\u2019environnement, et sur la multitude de fa\u00e7ons dont celles-ci sont fa\u00e7onn\u00e9es par le droit et les relations de pouvoir. Notre espoir est que la conversation men\u00e9e entre ces pages ne fasse que commencer, et que nos lecteurs r\u00e9pondront aussi \u00e0 l\u2019appel lanc\u00e9 par notre symposium et num\u00e9ro sp\u00e9cial sur le rapport complexe et \u00e9volutif entre droit et environnement.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/u><\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Voir David Grinlinton, \u00ab\u00a0The Continuing Relevance of Common Law Property Rights and Remedies in Addressing Environmental Challenges\u00a0\u00bb (2017) 62:3 RD McGill 633 aux pp 637\u201353.<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B\u00e9langer et Halley soulignent notamment qu\u2019il faut se pencher sur la question des recours administratifs pour mieux r\u00e9pondre aux probl\u00e8mes d\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 la justice en mati\u00e8re environnementale au Qu\u00e9bec (voir Michel B\u00e9langer et Paule Halley, \u00ab\u00a0Acc\u00e8s \u00e0 la justice pour prot\u00e9ger l\u2019environnement au Qu\u00e9bec\u00a0: r\u00e9flexions sur la capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 agir des particuliers et des groupes environnementaux\u00a0\u00bb (2017) 62:3 RD McGill 603 aux pp\u00a0628\u201330).<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 See Ga\u00eble Gidrol-Mistral, \u201cL\u2019environnement \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9preuve du droit des biens\u201d (2017) 62:3 McGill LJ 687 at 733\u201337.<\/p>\n

[4]<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 See Sarah Vanuxem, \u201cLes services \u00e9cologiques ou le renouveau de la cat\u00e9gorie civiliste de fruits?\u201d (2017) 62:3 McGill LJ 739 at 750\u201352.<\/p>\n

[5]<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 See Grinlinton, supra<\/em> note\u00a01 at\u00a0681\u201384.<\/p>\n

[6]<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 See Vanuxem, supra<\/em> note\u00a04 at 755\u201376.<\/p>\n

[7]<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 2015 BCCA 352, 387 DLR (4th) 10, aff\u2019g 2014 BCSC 568, [2014] 4 CNLR 143, leave to appeal to SCC granted, 36664 (17 March 2016).<\/p>\n

[8]<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 See Natasha Bakht & Lynda Collins, \u201c\u2018The Earth is Our Mother\u2019: Freedom of Religion and the Preservation of Indigenous Sacred Sites in Canada\u201d (2017) 62:3 McGill LJ 777 at\u00a0802, 810, 812; Deborah Curran \u201c\u2018Legalizing\u2019 the Great Bear Rainforest Agreements: Colonial Adaptations Toward Reconciliation and Conservation\u201d (2017) 62:3 McGill LJ 813 at 822\u201326. See also Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada, Honouring the Truth, Reconciling for the Future: Summary of the Final Report of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada<\/em>, vol 1 (Winnipeg: TRC, 2015); Indigenous Law and Legal Pluralism <\/em>(2016) 61:4 McGill LJ.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Introduction \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 L\u2019environnement joue un r\u00f4le appel\u00e9 \u00e0 devenir de plus en plus crucial dans notre soci\u00e9t\u00e9, que ce soit dans la th\u00e9orie, la recherche ou la pratique du droit. Au-del\u00e0 du droit environnemental, les droits public, priv\u00e9 et international ont d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 une myriade de concepts et d\u2019outils pour nous permettre d\u2019imaginer et d\u2019appr\u00e9hender l\u2019environnement … Continued<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-10815","articles","type-articles","status-publish","hentry","article-type-article"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nIntroduction - McGill Law Journal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mcgill-lawjournal-new.nixa.ca\/article\/introduction\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Introduction - McGill Law Journal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Introduction \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 L\u2019environnement joue un r\u00f4le appel\u00e9 \u00e0 devenir de plus en plus crucial dans notre soci\u00e9t\u00e9, que ce soit dans la th\u00e9orie, la recherche ou la pratique du droit. 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